An Overview of Glial Tumours

 Introduction

Tata Memorial Hospital Neuro-Oncology data 2006

Etiology

Classification

Clinical Features

Imaging

Immuno-cytochemistry

Staging & Grading

Natural History of Astrocytomas

Prognostication

Oligodendroglioma

Ependymoma

Prognosis

Supportive Treatment

 

 

Etiology :

§ Few proven etiologic risk factors

§ Clearest risk factor is presence of a hereditary tumor syndrome .

§ Most common genetic syndromes are neurofibromatoses.

Incidence -

  • NF-1 : 1 in 3000
  • NF-2 : 1 in 35000

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Hereditary Syndromes:

Syndrome

Brain Tumor

Genetics

Neurofibromatosis 1

Glioma, sarcoma

NF1 on 17q12 ; AD

Neurofibromatosis 1

Schwannoma, meningioma

NF2 on 22q12 ; AD

VHL

Haemangioblastoma

VHL on 3p25-26 ; AD

Cowden

Gangliocytoma

PTEN/MMAC1 on 10q23 ; AD

Turcot

Glioblastoma,

Medulloblastoma

5q21 ; AD

Tuberous sclerosis

Subependydoma

TSC1 on 9q ; TSC2 on 16p

Li Fraumeni

PNET

TP53 on 17p13 ; AD

Basal Naevus

Medulloblastoma

PTCH on 9q31 ; AD

Other Risk Factors:

1. Environmental and occupational risk factors : (The Radiation Epidemiology Branch of the NCI)

  • No association between the development of brain tumours and cellular telephone use.
  • History of allergies or autoimmune diseases was protective.
  • No increased risk with previous polio vaccination ( e.g. simian virus 40 contamination)

2. Radiation: Proven to be a causative factor in 1) Astrocytoma 2) Meningioma – benign / malignant 3) Sarcoma 4) Nerve sheath tumors.

 

 

Brain Tumour Foundation Of India
189 B, 1 st Floor, Golden Jubilee Block, 

Tata Memorial Hospital, Ernest Borges Marg, Parel, Mumbai - 400 012, INDIA
Tel : 91-22-2417 7000, Ext : 4559. Fax : 022-2417 7159 / 2414 6937
Email : btf@braintumourindia.com